Almost all gardeners know that garlic is a unique crop that bears fruit twice a year. However, to achieve this, you need to know the features of its cultivation and the basics of preliminary preparation. This is what will be discussed in our article.

Garlic Planting Dates

The best time for planting garlic is determined by region. However, you should not focus only on the weather, as it can be changeable. Professionals choose the time depending on the place of landing:

• in the west and south - October and the first decade of December;
• center - September and October;
• east and north - mid-September.

The term should be selected in such a way that the root system has already formed in the plant by frost, and the aerial part has grown 2 cm and leaves have appeared. The temperature of the earth should be within +11 ° C. In order for garlic to withstand sub-zero temperatures, it is better to plant it 3 weeks before the start of regular frosts in your region.

Preliminary preparation

In order to get a good harvest in autumn, you need to know what pre-treatment the planting material needs and after what crops it is better to plant garlic.

Did you know? In honor of garlic in America, one of the cities was named. Translated into Native American, it means “wild garlic”, and today it all know how to chicago.

Seat selection

To get a good crop, it is important to consider what requirements the site must meet. These include the following indicators:

1. The beds should be located in open areas away from trees and buildings.
2. Moisture should not accumulate in the ground, especially in spring, when snow melts.
3. The earth should be loamy or neutral, with low acidity.

Important for the harvest are the predecessors. It is ideal to plant garlic after the following crops:

• cabbage;
• cucumber;
• pumpkin;
• early potatoes;
• legumes.

Important! Plant garlic in a place that is the first to be free of snow and where there will be no stagnation of melt water.

Planting Material Processing

It is recommended to process all types of garlic. Initially, a surface inspection of the heads is carried out without removing the teeth, and they are placed for 30 days where the temperature is within +5 ° C (for example, they are placed on the lower shelf of the refrigerator). Such manipulations help to accelerate the process of vegetation, which will lead to an acceleration of the onset of growth after reaching suitable conditions.Material is removed from the refrigerator the day before disembarkation. The heads are disassembled into cloves and inspected for integrity and lack of mold. It is important to preserve the husk, as it will serve as additional protection against the cold. All cloves should be the same size. They are treated with potassium permanganate: they do this by pouring material for 1 day. Before planting, the cloves are placed in a saline solution, they are kept there for no more than 2 minutes - for this, 20 g of sodium chloride is dissolved in 3 liters of heated water.

How to prepare the beds for planting?

A good harvest requires some effort: in addition to the characteristics of planting the material, you need to know how to cultivate the land and when to do it.

Important! The head, which contains only 4 cloves, even strong ones, is discarded, as this is a sure sign of cultural degeneration.

Tillage

In the beginning of autumn, they dig the earth, and besides, humus, chalk and potassium sulfate must be added at this time. Digging depth is at least 20 cm. Garlic grows well on light fertile soils: if your land is not like that, you need to do everything to get closer to this state. Since the roots of garlic are superficial, you can buy in the store a special soil or vermicompost.

Formation of beds

The bed should be of the following sizes:

• height - 25 cm;
• width - up to 100 cm.

After digging, it is left for some time to allow the earth to settle.

Disinfection

It is important when preparing the beds to carry out the cultivation of the land with drugs used for disinfection. The following solutions are most often used for processing:

• copper sulfate (4 g of substance are taken per 1 liter of water);
• Bordeaux mixture (10 l of water and 100 g of the drug);
• boric acid and potassium permanganate (1 g of each component is dissolved in 1 l of liquid);
• potassium permanganate (in 10 l dissolve the substance to obtain a dark solution).

Did you know? Garlic was cultivated another 6 thousand years ago. The greatest amount of this culture is consumed by the inhabitants of South Asia, and the least - by the Japanese.

In addition, you can prepare a more complex composition, which process the place of the future planting of garlic in the fall. It is done as follows:

1. 20 g of copper sulfate is diluted in 2 liters of boiling water.
2. The same amount of water is poured into a separate container and 20 g of soda and 1.5 tbsp are poured. tablespoons of ammonia.
3. Then everything is mixed in a 10-liter bucket and water is added to the edge.
4. The resulting composition is watered a bed at the rate of 1 bucket per 2 square meters. m of land.

Good results in the prevention of fungi show the following drugs:

• "Fitosporin";
• Topsin-M;
• "Acrobat";
• "Ridomil Gold."

Fertilizer

To get a good crop, the soil must be carefully fertilized. To do this, use the following recipes:

1. Mullein or horse manure (1 bucket), slaked lime (300 g), nitrophosphate (11 g) and superphosphate (20 g) are mixed.
2. The following components are thoroughly mixed: 10 g of potassium salt, 15 g of superphosphate, 300 g of hydrated lime and 10 l of organics.
3. 5 kg of humus, 30 superphosphate in granules and 25 g of potassium salt are combined.

All of the above mixtures contribute in the amount of 1 portion per 1 square. m of land.

It is important to understand that the soil is fertilized depending on its type:

• clay - peat;
• peat - loam;
• sandy - superphosphates.

Immediately before the landing, urea is added in the amount of 1 tbsp. spoon per 1 square. m of land.

Common mistakes when planting garlic

The cultivation of garlic, like other crops, has its own difficulties. Consider what errors may occur:

1. Premature planting of winter garlic.
2. Shallow landing - may lead to freezing.
3. The introduction of fresh manure into the ground will provoke a fungus.
4. Planting cloves with rot and dark spots.
5. Growing garlic after other bulb crops.
6. Planting a winter species in spring.
7. Spring planting, when the average daily temperature does not exceed +5 ° С.

Useful care tips

To get a good harvest, it is recommended to follow some rules for care:

1. After seedlings, the beds are watered with nitrogen-containing substances, for example, chicken droppings.
2. Nitrogen supplements are introduced until mid-summer, as they encourage the growth of greens.
3. Regularly you need to remove weeds, water, and also feed or inspect garlic for infection with fungi or viruses.
4. During the heat of the garden, it is recommended to systematically water in the evening.
5. After gaining maximum size, the plant no longer needs additional moisture.
6. Harvesting is necessary in mid-July, in some regions - at the beginning of August, even if the leaves have dried up a month before this time.

As can be seen from the foregoing, in the planting of garlic there is nothing particularly difficult if you adhere to the recommendations set forth in our article. Try it, and you will surely succeed.